Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are signaling molecules that recognize different microbial products during infection and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses (1-3). These proteins act through adaptor molecules such as MyD88 and TIRAP to activate various kinases and transcription factors (4,5). TLR11 is one of three mouse TLRs that lack a human ortholog (6). It is activated specifically by uropathogenic bacteria, and mice lacking TLR11 showed a much greater susceptability to uropathogenic infections, indicating a potentially important role for TLR11 in preventing infections in the urogenital system (7).
Positive Control: Positive Control RAW26.7 Cell Lysate
Located in the membrane.
Immunogen: Rabbit polyclonal TLR11 antibody was raised against a peptide corresponding to 16 amino acids near the middle of mouse TLR11.
Purification Method: Antigen Immunoaffiinity Purification.
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.02% sodium azide.
References: 1) Vogel SN, Fitzgerald KA, and Fenton MJ. TLRs: differential adapter utilization by toll-like 1. Vogel SN, Fitzgerald KA, and Fenton MJ. TLRs: differential adapter utilization by toll-like receptors mediates TLR-specific patterns of gene expression. Mol. Interv. 2003; 3:466-77.
2) Takeda K, Kaisho T, and Akira S. Toll-like receptors. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2003; 21:335-76.
3) Janeway CA Jr. and Medzhitov R. Innate immune recognition. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2002; 20:197-216.
4) O’Neill LAJ, Fitzgerald FA, and Bowie AG. The Toll-IL-1 receptor adaptor family grows to five members. Trends in Imm. 2003; 24:286-9.
5) McGettrick AF and O’Neill LAJ. The expanding family of MyD88-like adaptors in Toll-like receptor signal transduction. Mol Imm. 2004; 41:577-82.
6) Tabeta K, Georgel P, Janseen E, et al. Toll-like receptors 9 and 3 as essential components of innate immune defense against mouse cytomegalovirus infection. Proc. Nat’l. Acad. Sci. USA 2004; 101:3516-3521.
7) Zhang D, Zhang G, Hayden MS, et al. A Toll-like receptor that prevents infection by uropathogenic bacteria. Science 2004; 303:1522-6. (RD1005)
8) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry Q6R5P0, http://www.expasy.org/uniprot/Q6R5P0, Accessed February 16, 2007.
UniProt: Q6R5P0.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.