Background: Protein isoprenylation is a post-translational modification that affects about 0.5% of cellular proteins and is essential for the biological activity of proteins. Two enzymes catalyze the attachment of two prenyl groups to the sulfhydryl group of carboxyl-terminal cysteine groups. Proteins which are prenylated by these enzymes have a distinct motif at the C-terminal of the protein, C-A1-A2-X (C = Cysteine, A1 & A2 = aliphatic amino acids). The two enzymes involved in this transfer are farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase. These transfer a 15 carbon farnesyl or a 20 carbon geranygeranyl, respectively, from a prenyl-pyrophosphate to the protein. Examples of proteins containing this C-A-A-X motif are members of the Ras small G protein family, the nuclear lamins and the gamma subunit of trimeric G proteins. Prenylation of proteins is necessary for membrane association of proteins as well as protein-protein interactions and the nature of the linked isoprenyl group can influence the protein interactions, such as the interaction between G proteins and receptors.
Purification Method: Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation.
Source: Rabbit immunized with farnesyl cysteine conjugated to KLH.
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide.
References: 1. Baron, R., et al. RhoB prenylation is driven by the three carboxyl-terminal amino acids of the protein: evidenced in vivo by an anti-farnesyl cysteine antibody. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000, 97, 11626-11631
2. Lin, H.P. et al. Localization of isoprenylated antigen of hepatitis delta virus by anti-farnesyl antibodies. J. Gen. Virol. 1999, 80, 91-96
3. Aspbury, R.A., et al. Isoprenylation of polypeptides in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998, 1392, 265-275
4. Zhang, F.L. & Casey, P.J. Protein prenylation: molecular mechanisms and functional consequences. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1996, 65, 241-26
5. Gromov, P.S., et al. Identification of isoprenyl modified proteins metabolically labeled with [3H]farnesyl- and [3H]geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate. Electrophoresis 1996, 17, 1728-1733.
UniProt: P14324.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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