Background: Sphingolipids, in addition to being structural components of membranes, regulate cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions, proliferation, and differentiation. Members of this diverse group of lipids have emerged as a novel class of signaling molecules that also regulate phagocytosis. The mechanisms by which sphingolipids exert these effects remain incompletely defined. More than a decade ago, it was found that ceramide can be phosphorylated to ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P). Ceramide kinase (CERK) and its phosphorylated product ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) are central players in inflammation and cancer. The product of CERK activity, ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P), has been reported to have mitogenic effects. C1P is a direct activator of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and is involved in arachidonic acid release. CERK is a mediator of Ca2+-dependent degranulation in mast cells. In both arachidonic acid release and mast cell degranulation, the intracellular elevation of Ca2+ is a central event that acts as a regulatory mechanism of CERK activity. C1P is found in brain synaptic vesicles, and plays a role in regulating the secretion of neurotransmitters. CERK activity exists in HL-60 cells where the C1P is derived from ceramide released from sphingomyelin. The expressed kinase has specific ceramide phosphorylating activity. CERKs exist in a variety of cellular organisms, including plants, nematodes, insects, and vertebrates.
Positive Control: High level expression in heart, brain, skeletal muscle, kidney and liver
Immunogen: Synthetic peptide derived from human ceramide kinase protein
Purification Method: Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation
Concentration: See vial for concentration
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide
References: 1. Lamour NF, Chalfant CE. ‘Ceramide-1-phosphate: The missing link in eicosanoid biosynthesis and inflammation.’ Mol Interv. 2005 Dec;5(6):358-67. 2.Kim JW, Inagaki Y, Mitsutake S, Maezawa N, Katsumura S, Ryu YW, Park CS, Taniguchi M, Igarashi Y. ‘Suppression of mast cell degranulation by a novel ceramide kinase inhibitor, the F-12509A olefin isomer K1.’ Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Dec 30;1738(1-3):82-90. Epub 2005 Nov 14. 3. Van Overloop H, Gijsbers S, Van Veldhoven PP. ‘Further characterization of mammalian ceramide kinase: substrate delivery and (stereo)specificity, tissue distribution, and subcellular localization studies.’J Lipid Res. 2006 Feb;47(2):268-83. Epub 2005 Nov 3. 4. Chalfant CE, Spiegel S. ‘Sphingosine 1-phosphate and ceramide 1-phosphate: expanding roles in cell signaling.’ J Cell Sci. 2005 Oct 15;118(Pt 20):4605-12. Review. 5. Mitsutake S, Igarashi Y. ‘Calmodulin is involved in the Ca2+-dependent activation of ceramide kinase as a calcium sensor.’ J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 9;280(49):40436-41. Epub 2005 Oct 3. 6. Wijesinghe DS, Massiello A, Subramanian P, Szulc Z, Bielawska A, Chalfant CE. ‘Substrate specificity of human ceramide kinase.’J Lipid Res. 2005 Dec;46(12):2706-16. Epub 2005 Sep 18. 7.Kim TJ, Mitsutake S, Kato M, Igarashi Y. ‘The leucine 10 residue in the pleckstrin homology domain of ceramide kinase is crucial for its catalytic activity.’ FEBS Lett. 2005 Aug 15;579(20):4383-8.
UniProt: Q8TCT0
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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