Background: CX3CR1 is one of the chemokine receptors that are required as coreceptors for HIV infection. The genes encoding human, mouse, and rat CX3CR1 were cloned and designated V28 and CMKBRL1, CX3CR1, and RBS11, respectively, (1-4). The encoded seven transmembrane protein was recently identified as the receptor for a novel transmembrane molecule, fractalkine, and renamed CX3CR1 (5). Recently, CX3CR1 was found to serve as a coreceptor for HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelope fusion and virus infection, which can be inhibited by fractokine (6). CX3CR1 mediates leukocyte migration and adhesion (5). CX3CR1 is expressed in a variety of human tissues and cell lines (2).
Positive Control: Human spleen lysate.
Purification Method: Antigen Immunoaffiinity Purification.
Source: Rabbits were immunized with a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 2 to 21 of human CX3CR1 receptor. This sequence differs from the mouse and rat sequences by four amino acids.
References: 1. Raport, C.J., et al. 'The orphan G-protein-coupled receptor-encoding gene V28 is closely related to genes for chemokine receptors and is expressed in lymphoid and neural tissues.' Gene 1995, 163, 295-299
2. Combadiere, C., et al. 'Cloning, chromosomal localization, and RNA expression of a human beta chemokine receptor-like gene.' DNA Cell Biol. 1995, 14, 673-680
3. Combadiere, C., et al. 'Gene cloning, RNA distribution, and functional expression of mCX3CR1, a mouse chemotactic receptor for the CX3C chemokine fractalkine.' Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1998, 253, 728-732
4. Harrison, J.K., et al. 'cDNA cloning of a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed in rat spinal cord and brain related to chemokine receptors.' Neurosci. Lett. 1994, 169, 85-89
5. Imai, T., et al. 'Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion.' Cell 1997, 91, 521-530
6. Combadiere, C., et al. 'Identification of CX3CR1. A chemotactic receptor for the human CX3C chemokine fractalkine and a fusion coreceptor for HIV-1.' J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273, 23799-23804.
UniProt: P49238.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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