Background: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Required for checkpoint-mediated arrest of cell cycle progression in response to low doses of ionizing radiation and for efficient repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) specifically when modified by C-terminal phosphorylation.
Immunogen: Synthetic peptide derived from human histone H2a.x protein. Sequence is unphosphorylated version of peptide used for Cat. No. X2752P.
Purification Method: Antigen Immunoaffiinity Purification.
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide.
References: 1. Paull, T.T., et al. ‘A critical role for histone H2AX in recruitment of repair factors to nuclear foci after DNA damage’ Curr. Biol., 10, 886-895 (2000)
2. Kobayashi, J., et al. ‘NBS1 localizes to gamma-H2AX foci through interaction with the FHA/BRCT domain.’ Curr. Biol., 12, 1846-1851 (2002)
3. Stewart, G.S., et al. ‘MDC1 is a mediator of the mammalian DNA damage checkpoint.’ Nature, 421, 961-966 (2003)
4. Lukas, C., et al. ‘Mdc1 couples DNA double-strand break recognition by Nbs1 with its H2AX-dependent chromatin retention.’ EMBO J., 23, 2674-2683 (2004).
UniProt: P16104.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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