Target: CaMKII
Conjugate: Biotin
Product Type: Monoclonal
Clone Number: 22B1
Immunogen: Synthetic peptide to Rat CaMKII
Swiss-Prot: P11275
Purification: Protein G Purified
Storage Buffer: PBS pH7.4, 50% glycerol, 0.09% sodium azide *Storage buffer may change when conjugated
Concentration: 1 mg/ml
Specificity: Detects phosphorylated CaMKII from rat tissues. This antibody is specific for α and β subunits of CaMKII only when they are phosphorylated at Thr-286/287 (in β).
Cellular Localization: Cytoplasm,Mitochondrion,Nucleus,Cell Junction,Synapse,Presynaptic Cell Membrane
Scientific Background: CaMKII is an important member of the calcium/calmodulin-activated protein kinase family, functioning in neural synaptic stimulation and T-cell receptor signaling (1, 2). CaMKII is expressed in many different tissues but is specifically found in the neurons of the forebrain and its mRNA is found within the dendrites and the soma of the neuron. The CaMKII that is found in the neurons consist of two subunits of 52 (termed alpha genes) and 60 kDa (beta genes). CaMKII has catalytic and regulatory domains, as well as an ATP-binding domain, and a consensus phosphorylation site (3-7). The binding of Ca2+/calmodulin to its regulatory domain releases its auto inhibitory effect and activates the kinase (8). This kinase activation results in autophosphorylation at threonine 286 (8). The threonine phosphorylation state of CaMKII can be regulated through PP1/PKA. Whereas PP1 (protein phosphatase 1) dephosphorylates phospho-CaMKII at Thr286, PKA (protein kinase A) prevents this dephosphorylation (9). Autophosphorylation also enables CaMKII to attain an enhanced affinity for NMDA receptors in postsynaptic densities (10-12).
References: 1. Hughes K. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276: 36008–36013.2. Barria A. et al. (1997) Science 276: 2042–2045.3. Bennet M.K. and Kennedy M.B. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84: 1794-1798.4. Broke L., Srinivasan M. and Schulman H. (1995) J. Neurosci. 15: 6797-6808.5. Nghiem P., Saati S. M., Martens C. L., Gardner P. and Schulman H. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268: 5471-5479.6. Edman C.F. and Schulman H. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1221: 90-102.7. Tombes R.M. and Krystal G.W., (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Acta 13555: 281-292.8. Means A.R. (2000) Mol. Endocrinol. 14: 4–12.9. Makhinson M. et al. (1999) J. Neurosci. 19: 2500–2510.10. Strack S. and Colbran R.J. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273: 20689-20692.11. Leonard S.A., Lim I.A., Hemsworth D.E., Horne M.C. and Hell J.W. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96: 3239-3244.12. Shen K. and Meyer Y. (1999) Science 284: 162-167.
Field of Use: Not for use in humans. Not for use in diagnostics or therapeutics. For in vitro research use only.
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