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Encompassing Amino Acids: 24-99
Amino Acid Sequence: QPDAINA PVTCCYNFTN RKISVQRLAS YRRITSSKCP KEAVIFKTIV AKEICADPKQ KWVQDSMDHL DKQTQTPKT
Background: MCP-1 (Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1) belongs to the family of chemotactic cytokines. MCP-1 is expressed by monocytes, vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, glomerular mesangial cell, osteoblastic cells. MCP-1 has been shown to exhibit biological activities other than Chemotaxis. It can induce the proliferation and activation of killer cells known as CHAK. Elevated levels of MCP-1 are observed in atherosclerotic plaques that are rich in macrophages. The factor activates the tumoricidal activity of monocytes and macrophages in vivo. It regulates the expression of cell surface antigens (CD11c, CD11b) and the expression of cytokines (IL-1, IL-6). MCP-1 is a potent activator of human basophils, inducing degranulation and the release of histamines. In basophils activated by IL-3, IL-5 or GM-CSF, MCP-1 enhances the synthesis of leukotriene C4.
Biological Activity: Determined by its ability to chemoattract human monocytes using a concentration range of 2.0-40.0 ng/ml.
Description: Human MCP-1, generated by the proteolytic removal of the signal peptide and propeptide and has a calculated molecular mass of approximately 9 kDa. Recombinant MCP-1 is a disulfide-linked monomeric protein consisting of 77 amino acid residues and migrates as an approximately 9 kDa protein under non-reducing conditions and reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE. Optimized DNA sequence encoding human MCP-1 (CCL2) mature chain was expressed in E. coli.
Endotoxin Level: <0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg), using the LAL gel clot method.
Format: lyophilized protein
Formulation: Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS solution, pH 7.4.
Genbank: P13500
Purity: ≥98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC
Reconstitution: Reconstitute at 0.1-1.0 mg/ml in distilled water. This solution can then be diluted into other buffers. To maximize product collection from vial surface, vortex briefly and then spin down to recollect the liquid.
Storage Stability: The lyophilized protein is stable for at least 2 years from date of receipt when stored at -20°C. Upon reconstitution, store in working aliquots at +4°C for up to one month, or at -20°C for up to six months, in the presence of a carrier protein. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Uniprot: P13500
Warnings: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
Biosafety Level: Not applicable (BSL-1)
References: 1. Biol. Chem., Oct 2009, 284: 27620 - 27628.
2. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, Oct 2009, 297: H1208 - H1216.
3. J. Immunol., Sep 2009, 183: 3463 - 3471.