Clone: WA-1.
Background: p21, also known as wild-type p53-activated factor (WAF-1) or Cdk-interacting protein (CIP1), expression is predominantly induced by p53. This expression is usually in response to DNA damage caused by cytotoxic agents. The expression of p21 interrupts the cell cycle and prevents the replication of the cell containing genomic errors. p21 inhibits Cdk2, Cdk3, Cdk4 and Cdk6 to stop the cell cycle. Contained in the human p21 is a highly conserved cystine-rich region (amino acids 21-60) with a potential zinc finger domain as well as a second conserved region (amino acids 130-164) which contains several putative nuclear localization signals. p21 can also interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Gadd45, Cdk2 and cyclins which suggests it may coordinate DNA repair and replication in damaged cells.
Positive Control: MCF7 cell lysate.
Immunogen: Hybridoma produced by the fusion of splenocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with human p21 protein and mouse myeloma SP2 cells.
Purification Method: Protein A/G Chromatography.
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide.
References: 1. Hellin, A.C., et al. Roles of Nuclear Factor-kappaB, p53 and p21/WAF1 in Daunomycin-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2000, 295, 870-878
2. El-Deiry, W.S., et al. WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression. Cell 1993, 75, 817-825
3. Xiong, Y., et al. p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases. Nature (Lond) 1993, 366, 701-704 4. Zhang, H., et al. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p21 are components of multiple cell cycle kinase complexes. Mol. Biol. Cell 1993,
4, 897-906
5. Kovalic, J., et al. Int. J. Oncol. 1996, 9 (suppl.), 835
6. Shen, J., et al. ‘Identification and Validation of Differences in Protein Levels in Normal, Premalignant, and Malignant Lung Cells and Tissues Using High-Throughput Western Array and Immunohistochemistry.’ Cancer Res., 66, 11194-11206 (2006).
UniProt: P38936.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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