Clone: 3F12
Background: Prostaglandins (PG's) are produced by the metabolism of arachidonic acid. PGE-2 is one of the five physiologically significant prostanoids known. ItÕs wide spectrum of physiologic and pharmacologic effects in various tissues are mediated through binding to the PGE-2 receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 & EP4). These include effects on the immune, endocrine, cardiovascular, renal and reproductive systems as well as smooth muscle. It is also one of the most abundant of the prostanoid family in the brain where it plays an important role in many neural functions, particularly in newborn babies, and as a mediator of inflammation. PGE-2 signals through a family of G-protein coupled receptors known as EP receptors. There are 4 subtypes of EP receptors, known as EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4. EP2 receptors are 358 amino acid proteins with a short third intracellular loop. EP2 receptors stimulate adenylyl cyclase by their coupling to Gs and do not undergo PGE-2-induced internalization. EP3 receptors are 365-425 amino acid proteins. There are currently 4 known isoforms of EP3 receptors named EP3A, 3B, 3C and 3D. EP3 receptors are involved in water absorption, gastric acid secretion, uterine contraction, neurotransmitter release and the hydrolysis of fat cells (lipolysis) and also act as a mediator of neural inflammation.
Positive Control: Porcine brain lysate
Immunogen: Hybridoma produced by the fusion of splenocytes from mice immunized with recombinant human EP2 and EP3 receptor protein and mouse myeloma cells.
Purification Method: Protein A/G Chromatography
Concentration: See vial for concentration
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide
References: 1. Strong, P. et al. Prostanoid-induced inhibition of lipolysis in rat isolated adipocytes: Probable involvement of EP3 receptors. Prostaglandins 1992, 43, 559-5662. Coleman, R.A., et al. Classification of prostanoid receptors: Properties, distribution and structure of the receptors and their subtypes. Pharmacol. Rev. 1994, 46, 205-2293. Beiche, F., et al. Localization of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 in the rat lumbar spinal cord. J. Neuroimmunol. 1998, 89, 26-344. Bhattacharya, M., et al. Nuclear prostaglandin receptors. Gene Ther. Mol. Biol. 1999, 4, 323-3385. Morath, R., et al. Immunolocalization of the four prostaglandin E2 receptor proteins EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4 in human kidney. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1999, 10, 1851-18606. Nakamura, K., et al. Immunohistochemical localization of prostaglandin EP3 receptor in the rat hypothalamus. Neurosci. Lett. 1999, 260, 117-1207. Desai, S., et al. Comparison of agonist-induced internalization of the human EP2 and EP4 prostaglandin receptors: role of the carboxyl terminus in EP4 receptor sequestration. Mol. Pharmacol. 2000, 58, 1279-12868. Fedyk, E.R., et al. Prostaglandin E2 receptors of the EP2 and EP4 subtypes regulate activation and differentiation of mouse B lymphocytes to IgE-secreting cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1996, 93, 10978-10983
UniProt: P43116
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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