Clone: 5F5.
Background: Prostaglandins (PG's) are produced by the metabolism of arachidonic acid. PGE-2 is one of the five physiologically significant prostanoids known. Its wide spectrum of physiologic and pharmacologic effects in various tissues are mediated through binding to the PGE-2 receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 & EP4). These include effects on the immune, endocrine, cardiovascular, renal and reproductive systems as well as smooth muscle. It is also one of the most abundant of the prostanoid family in the brain where it plays an important role in many neural functions, particularly in newborn babies, and as a mediator of inflammation.
PGE-2 signals through a family of G-protein coupled receptors known as EP receptors. There are 4 subtypes of EP receptors, known as EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4. EP3 receptors are 365-425 amino acid proteins. There are currently 4 known isoforms of EP3 receptors named EP3A, 3B, 3C and 3D. Each of has different physiological function, but differ only in the carboxyl terminus and how they couple to their respective G-proteins. EP3 receptors are involved in water absorption, gastric acid secretion, uterine contraction, neurotransmitter release and the hydrolysis of fat cells (lipolysis). EP3 receptors also act as a mediator of neural inflammation. These receptors are mainly localized in the brain, kidney, stomach, uterus and ovaries.
Positive Control: Porcine brain lysate.
Purification Method: Protein A/G Chromatography.
Source: Hybridoma produced by the fusion of splenocytes from mice immunized with recombinant human EP3 receptor protein and mouse myeloma cells.
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide.
References: 1. Strong, P. et al. Prostanoid-induced inhibition of lipolysis in rat isolated adipocytes: Probable involvement of EP3 receptors. Prostaglandins 1992, 43, 559-566
2. Coleman, R.A., et al. Classification of prostanoid receptors: Properties, distribution and structure of the receptors and their subtypes. Pharmacol. Rev. 1994, 46, 205-229
3. Zeng, L., et al. Regulation of expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in early human T cells of the HSB.2 cultured line by the EP3 subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 27744-27760
4. Beiche, F., et al. Localization of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 in the rat lumbar spinal cord. J. Neuroimmunol. 1998, 89, 26-34
5. Bhattacharya, M., et al. Nuclear prostaglandin receptors. Gene Ther. Mol. Biol. 1999, 4, 323-338
6. Morath, R., et al. Immunolocalization of the four prostaglandin E2 receptor proteins EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4 in human kidney. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1999, 10, 1851-1860
7. Nakamura, K., et al. Immunohistochemical localization of prostaglandin EP3 receptor in the rat hypothalamus. Neurosci. Lett. 1999, 260, 117-120
8. Nakamura, K., et al. Prostaglandin EP3 receptor protein in serotonin and catecholamine cell groups: a double immunoflourescence study in the rat brain. Neuroscience 2001, 103, 763-775.
UniProt: P34980.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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