Formulation: A solution in ethanol
Formal Name: (R)-2-((4-carboxybutanoyl-2,2,3,3,4,4-d6)oxy)-3-(palmitoyloxy)propyl (2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl) phosphate
Purity: ≥99% deuterated forms (d1-d6)
Formula Markup: C29H50D6NO10P
Formula Weight: 615,8
Shelf life (days): 365
Notes: PGPC-d6 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of PGPC (Item No. 10044), as well as related fragmented short-chain fatty acid remnants of phospholipid oxidation, by GC- or LC-MS. PGPC is an oxidized phospholipid that can be formed under conditions of oxidative stress.{15289} It is found as a component in mildly oxidized LDL (MM-LDL) and in products formed from the oxidation of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (Ox-PAPC).{10395} PGPC activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in a concentration-dependent manner in a cell-based ligand-binding assay.{37721} It increases VCAM1 and E-selectin expression in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), as well as HAEC binding by monocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), in a concentration-dependent manner.{10396} PGPC (37.5 μM) also increases total 5-lipoxygenase metabolites in murine resident peritoneal macrophages (RPMs) and induces apoptosis in A7r5 rat aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro when used at a concentration of 50 μM.{37717,37718} PGPC levels are increased in serum, LDL, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with coronary artery disease.{37719} UVA irradiation increases PGPC levels in cultured human skin fibroblasts.{37720}
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