Target: Phosphotyrosine
Conjugate: Unconjugated
Product Type: Monoclonal
Clone Number: G104
Immunogen: Phosphotyrosine, alanine and glyceine in a 1:1:1 ratio polymerized in the presence of keyhole limpet hemocyanin with 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimentrylaminopropyl) carbodiimide
Purification: Protein G Purified
Storage Buffer: PBS pH7.4, 50% glycerol, 0.09% sodium azide *Storage buffer may change when conjugated
Concentration: 1 mg/ml
Specificity: Reacts with phosphotyrosine, and detects the presence of phosphotyrosine in both un-stimulated and stimulated cell lysates. Does not cross-react with phosphoserine or phosphothreonine.
Scientific Background: Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational modification that serves many key functions to regulate a protein's activity, localization, and protein-protein interactions. Phosphorylation is catalyzed by various specific protein kinases, which involves removing a phosphate group from ATP and covalently attaching it to to a recipient protein that acts as a substrate. Most kinases act on both serine and threonine; others act on tyrosine, and a number (dual specificity kinases) act on all three. Because phosphorylation can occur at multiple sites on any given protein, it can therefore change the function or localization of that protein at any time (3). Changing the function of these proteins has been linked to a number of diseases, including cancer, diabetes, heart disease, inflammation and neurological disorders (4-6).In particular, the phosphorylation of tyrosine is considered one of the key steps in signal transduction and regulation of enzymatic activity (7). Phosphotyrosine can be detected through specific antibodies, and are helpful in facilitating the identification of tyrosine kinase substrates (8).
References: 1. Garton A.J., Flint A.J., and Tonks N.K. (1996) Mol and Cell Bio 16(11): 6408-6418.2. Garton A.J., and Tonks N.K. (1999) J Bio Chem. 274(6): 3811-3818.3. Goto H. et al. (2005) Nature Cell Biology 8: 180-187.4. Blume-Jensen P. and Hunter T. (2001) Nature 411: 355-365.5. Downward J. (2001) Nature 411: 759-762.6. Pawson T. and Saxton T.M. (1999) Cell 97: 675-678.7. Frackelton A.R. Jr., Ross A.H., and Eisen H.N. (1983) Mol Cell Biol. 3: 1343-1352.8. Ross A.H., Baltimore D., and Eisen H.N. (1981) Nature 294: 654-656.9. Tiganis T., Kemp B.E., and Tonks N.K. (1999) J. Bio Chem. 274(39): 27768-27775.
Field of Use: Not for use in humans. Not for use in diagnostics or therapeutics. For in vitro research use only.
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