Background: Voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) are large (>400 kDa) heteromers which contain, minimally, three core subunits 1, 2/ , in a 1:1:1 stoichiometry1. Expression of VDCC gene products in Xenopus oocytes, or transfected cells shows that the 1 subunits contain the ion channel pore while the auxiliary 2/ and subunits confer optimal cell surface expression and channel kinetics1. Until recently, the only exception to the above paradigm was the skeletal muscle VDCC, which, in addition to the 1, 2/ , core motif, also has an additional tightly associated integral membrane glycoprotein subunit termed 1. Upon co-expression with the 1.1, 2/ 1, 1a subunits of the skeletal muscle VDCC, subunits alter the peak currents, and the kinetics of channel activation and inactivation with the overall effect being a normalisation of currents to those resembling the endogenous channel2. Together, these results suggest that subunits modulate skeletal muscle VDCCs by stabilising their conformation. The 4 subunit is specifically localized in the brain, with the 2 and 3 subunits. It shares >60% sequence homology with the 2 and 3 subunits and ~25% sequence homology with the 1 and 5 subunits.
Positive Control: Rat brain lysate
Immunogen: Synthetic peptide derived from the rat calcium channel gamma4 subunit conjugated to KLH
Purification Method: Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation
Concentration: See vial for concentration
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide
References: 1. Hofmann F, et al. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 1999, 139:33-872. Singer D, et al. Science 1991, 253:1553-73. Letts VA, et al. Nat Genet 1998, 19:340-74. Kang, M.G., et al. J. Biol. Chem. 2001, 276: 32917-245. Sharp, A.H., et al. Neuroscience 2001, 105:599-6176. Steinlein OK, Noebels JL Curr Opin Genet Dev 2000,10:286-917. Chen, L., et al. 'Stargazin regulates synaptic targeting of AMPA receptors by two distinct mechanisms.' Nature 2000, 408: 936-943.
UniProt: Q9UBN1
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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