Background: Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that can be divided into the apoptotic and inflammatory caspase subfamilies. Unlike the apoptotic caspases, members of the inflammatory subfamily are generally not involved in cell death but are associated with the immune response to microbial pathogens (reviewed in 1). Members of this subfamily include caspase-1, -4, -5, and -12. Activation of these caspases results in the cleavage and activation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18 (2,3). Caspase-4 was initially identified as a homologous protein to Caspase-1 and the C. elegans Ced-3 which could induce apoptosis in transfected cells (4). More recent studies have shown that it can be activated by ER stress and has been suggested to be involved in multiple neuronal pathologies such as AlzheimerÕs disease (5).
Positive Control: Widely expressed, with highest levels in spleen and lung. Moderate expression in heart and liver, low expression in skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Not found in the brain.
Immunogen: Rabbit polyclonal Caspase-4 antibody was raised against a 15 amino acid peptide from near the center of human Caspase-4.
Purification Method: Antigen Immunoaffiinity Purification.
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.02% sodium azide.
References: 1) Martinon F and Tschopp J. Inflammatory caspases: linking an intracellular innate immune system to autoinflammatory diseases Cell 2004; 117:561-74.
2) Kuida K, Lippke JA, Ku G, et al. Altered cytokine export and apoptosis in mice deficient in interleukin-1 converting enzyme.Science 1995; 267:2000-3.
3) Gracie JA, Robertson SE, and McInnes IB. Interleukin-18. J. Leukoc. Biol. 2003; 73:213-224.
4) Kamens J, Paskind M, Hugunin M, et al. Identification and characterization of ICH-2, a novel member of the interleukin-1 converting enzyme family of cysteine proteases.J. Biol. Chem. 1995; 270:15250-6.
UniProt: AAA86890.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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