Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved pattern-recognition molecules resembling the toll proteins that mediate antimicrobial responses in Drosophila. These proteins recognize different microbial products during infection and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses (1,2). The TLRs act through adaptor molecules to activate various kinases and transcription factors (3) so the organism can respond to potential infection. These adaptor molecules include TOLLIP, MyD88, and TRIF. TOLLIP associates directly with TLR2 and TLR 4, acting as an inhibitor to TLR activation (4). This negative regulation of TLR signaling may serve to limit the production of proinflammatory mediators during infection and inflammation.
Positive Control: Positive Control-Rat Brain Lysate
Located in the cytoplasm and phosphorylated by IRAK1 upon stimulation by IL-1 or microbial products.5.
Immunogen: Rabbit polyclonal TOLLIP antibody was raised against a 16 amino acid peptide from near the center of human TOLLIP.
Purification Method: Antigen Immunoaffiinity Purification.
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.02% sodium azide.
References: 1) Takeda K, Kaisho T, and Akira S. Toll-like receptors. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2003; 21:335-76.
2) Janeway CA Jr. and Medzhitov R. Innate immune recognition. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2002; 20:197-216.
3) McGettrick AF and O’Neill LAJ. The expanding family of MyD88-like adaptors in Toll-like receptor signal transduction. Mol. Imm. 2004; 41:577-82.
4) Zhang G and Ghosh S. Negative regulation of Toll-like receptor-mediated signaling by Tollip. J. Biol. Chem. 2002; 277:7059-65.
5. UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry Q9H0E2. http://cn.expasy.org/uniprot/Q9H0E2, Accessed on February 28, 2007.
UniProt: Q9H0E2.
Caution: This product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals.
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