Formulation: 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 150 mM sodium chloride, 10% glycerol, and 1 mM dithiothreitol
Purity: ≥90%
Formula Weight: 0
Shelf life (days): 180
Notes: K-Ras is a small GTPase and member of the RAS family of GTPases with roles in apoptosis, as well as cell proliferation, survival, and migration.{66623,31183} K-Ras is composed of a guanine nucleotide-binding domain containing an active site, an effector binding domain, and an isoform-specific C-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) that differs between K-Ras isoforms A and B due to alternative splicing.{66623,54879,68688} The active site cycles between GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active states and is regulated by its associations with GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) or guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).{54879,2798} K-Ras is ubiquitously expressed and is tethered to the intracellular side of cell membranes via farnesyl and palmitoyl lipidation and to negatively charged or neutral regions of the membrane via a single polybasic region in the HVR.{66623,31741,68688} K-Ras(G12D), which contains a glycine-to-aspartic acid substitution at position 12, is constitutively active and associated with pancreatic, colon, and lung cancers.{62692} Inhibition of K-Ras(G12D) with the inhibitory peptide KS-58 reduces tumor volume in a PANC-1 pancreatic cancer mouse xenograft model.{68687} Tumor levels of K-Ras(G12D) are increased in patients with lung adenocarcinoma who had never smoked.{66624} Cayman's K-Ras(G12D) Isoform A (human, recombinant) protein consists of 185 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 23 kDa.
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