Formulation: 50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, containing 300 mM sodium chloride, 1 mM DTT, and 10% glycerol
Purity: ≥85% estimated by SDS-PAGE
Shelf life (days): 365
Notes: Protein arginine deiminase 3 (PAD3) catalyzes the conversion of arginine residues to citrulline within its cellular protein substrates, which include S100A3, trichohyalin, and filaggrin, resulting in the loss of a positive charge, which can alter protein structure and/or function.{45610} It exists as a homodimer and is composed of a C-terminal catalytic domain and an N-terminal domain that contains two immunoglobulin G (IgG) subdomains.{60813} PAD3 is primarily expressed by differentiated keratinocytes in the epidermis and hair follicles where it has roles in the shaping and mechanical strengthening of hair.{60813,36391} It is also expressed by neural stem cells where it modulates cell death by regulating the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), in mammary glands where it citrullinates proteins during lactation, and cancer cells where it promotes cancer cell invasion.{60814,34764,60815} Mutations in PADI3 are associated with uncombable hair syndrome. Cayman's PAD3 (human, recombinant) protein can be used for enzyme activity assays.
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