Formulation: 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, with 150 mM sodium chloride and 1 mM DTT
Purity: ≥95%
Shelf life (days): 365
Notes: Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that has roles in cytoskeletal organization and autoimmunity, as well as cell survival, proliferation, and apoptosis.{60550,60551,61836} It exists as a homodimer where each monomer is composed of an N-terminal kinase domain, a coiled-coil region that contains the Rho-binding domain, and a C-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain that contains a cysteine-rich C1 domain and acts as an autoinhibitory region.{60552,60551} Rock2 mRNA is expressed in brain, muscle, heart, lung, and placenta, localized to the cytosol and nucleus, associated with the centrosome, and co-localized with actin and vimentin in a cell-type-specific manner.{60550,60551} Binding of ROCK2 to GTP-bound RhoA induces activation of ROCK1, which phosphorylates a variety of downstream targets, including myosin light chain (MLC) phosphatase 1 (MYPT1) and MLC2, that have diverse roles in cytoskeletal organization.{60551} Additionally, ROCK2 is cleaved and activated by proteases, including granzyme B and caspase-2, to induce apoptosis.{60550} Pharmacological inhibition of ROCK2 restores immune homeostasis and shifts the helper T (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cell balance towards Tregs in various animal models of autoimmunity and chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD).{61836} Rock2 knockdown decreases the fibrogenic response in a mouse model of diabetic kidney disease.{61837} Cayman's ROCK2 (human, recombinant) protein can be used for enzyme activity assays.
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