Formulation: A solid
Formal Name: (2E,4E,6E,8E)-9-(6,6-dimethyl-2-(methyl-d3)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl-3,3-d2)-3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid
Purity: ≥99% deuterated forms (d1-d5)
Formula Markup: C20H23D5O2
Formula Weight: 305,5
Shelf life (days): 1460
Notes: all-trans Retinoic acid-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of all-trans retinoic acid (Item No. 11017) by GC- or LC-MS. all-trans Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A and a ligand for retinoic acid receptors (RARs) with IC50 values of 9, 3, and 10 nM for RARα, RARβ, and RARγ, respectively, in radioligand binding assays.{34779} It induces expression of a luciferase reporter in COS-7 cells expressing RARα, RARβ, or RARγ (EC50s = 169, 9, and 2 nM, respectively). all-trans Retinoic acid (12 nmol) reduces papilloma formation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA; Item No. 10008014) in mice.{36738} It reduces bile duct proliferation, hydroxyproline levels, and liver inflammation in a rat model of α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced chronic cholestasis and reduces plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase and bile salts in the Mdr2-/- mouse model of cholestasis.{36739} all-trans Retinoic acid also reduces hepatic fat accumulation, triglycerides, body weight, and serum glucose levels in mice with Western diet-induced obesity.{36740}
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