Formulation: A lyophilized powder
Purity: ≥95%
Formula Markup: C109H159N25O32S5 • XCF3COOH
Formula Weight: 2491,9
Shelf life (days): 1460
Notes: Endothelin-1 is a peptide vasoconstrictor and agonist of endothelin (ET) receptors ETA and ETB (IC50s = 0.15 and 0.12 nM, respectively).{41383,41384} It induces contraction of pig coronary artery strips (EC50 = 0.52 nM), vasoconstriction of pig cardiac ventricular membrane (120% of control), and increases mean early pressor phase blood pressure by 66 mg Hg in rats when administered at a dose of 1 nmol/kg. In an inducible system of endothelium-restricted overexpression of human endothelin-1, induction of endothelin-1 increases blood pressure in mice.{41385} It stabilizes and induces nuclear translocation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and 2 alpha (HIF-1α and HIF-2α) via ETB in human lymphatic endothelial cells.{41386} Endothelin-1 autocrine and paracrine signaling modulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, suggesting a role in cancer.{41387}
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