Formulation: A solid
Formal Name: L-lysyl-L-glutaminyl-L-isoleucyl-L-α-glutamyl-L-isoleucyl-L-lysyl-L-lysyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-lysine, trifluoroacetate salt
Purity: ≥95%
Formula Markup: C55H96N14O13 • XCF3COOH
Formula Weight: 1161,4
Shelf life (days): 1460
Notes: Gap 19 is a nonapeptide derivative of connexin43 (Cx43) and an inhibitor of Cx43 hemichannels.{59784,59783} It suppresses the membrane charge transfer (Qm) in HeLa cells expressing Cx43 (IC50 = ~6.5 µM), as well as Cx43 hemichannel currents in isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes when used at a concentration of 100 µM.{59784} Gap 19 inhibits glutamate-induced ATP release, a marker of Cx43 hemichannel activity, in primary mouse astrocytes.{59783} In vivo, Gap 19 (300 µg/kg, i.c.v.) decreases cortical neuronal loss, infarct volume, and the number of errors in a foot fault test in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).{59785} It also reduces infarct size in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury induced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg.{59784}
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