Notes: Lixisenatide is an agonist of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) and a derivative of exendin-4 (48-86) amide (Item No. 11096).{66567} It binds to CHO-K1 cells expressing human GLP-1R (IC50 = 1.4 nM). Lixisenatide (100 pM) inhibits Il-1β- and IFN-γ-induced apoptosis in INS-1 rat pancreatic β-cells.{66568} It lowers blood glucose levels in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; ED50 = 0.021 nmol/kg) and decreases blood levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in db/db mice.{66567} Formulations containing lixisenatide have been used adjuncts to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.