Formulation: A solid
Formal Name: 2′-(dihydrogen phosphate), adenosine 5′-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P′→5′-ester with 3-carboxy-1-β-D-ribofuranosylpyridinium, inner salt, tetrasodium salt
Purity: ≥95%
Formula Markup: C21H23N6O18P3 • 4Na
Formula Weight: 832,3
Shelf life (days): 1460
Notes: Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a secondary messenger that induces calcium mobilization.{47014,29682} It induces calcium release from endosomes and lysosomes via two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) and TPC1, which then stimulates large-scale calcium release from granules and the endoplasmic reticulum mediated by type 1 ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), RyR3s, and inositol-(1,4,5)-triphosphate receptors (IP3Rs).{47014,47012} NAADP induces calcium mobilization in sea urchin and starfish eggs post fertilization to block polyspermy and activate embryogenesis.{47012} NAADP-induced calcium mobilization induces VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It also alkalizes lysosomal pH thereby inhibiting fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes and arresting autophagic flux in mouse embryonic stem cells.{47013}
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