Formulation: A solid
Formal Name: 9,10-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracene-1,3,4-13C3-carboxylic acid-13C
Purity: ≥90%
Formula Markup: C11[13C4]H8O6
Formula Weight: 288,2
Shelf life (days): 1460
Notes: Rhein-13C4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of rhein (Item No. 17345) by GC- or LC-MS. Rhein is an anthraquinone derivative that has been found in R. rhabarbarum and a metabolite of diacerein (Item No. 11710) that has diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.{46596,46597,28413,28415} It induces cell cycle arrest at the S phase and inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 cells when used at concentrations of 40 and 100 µM, respectively.{46597} Rhein (100 and 200 µM) also inhibits proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435s breast cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.{28413} It reduces controlled cortical impact-induced decreases in catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, and glutathione disulfide levels in the brain in a rat model of traumatic brain injury when administered at a dose of 12 mg/kg.{46596} Rhein (50 mg/kg per day) reduces increased serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and amylase levels, as well as reduces pancreatic glandular atrophy and fibrosis, in a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis induced by cerulein.{28415}
English
Deutsch
