Notes: TPP-1 is a peptide inhibitor of the protein-protein interaction between programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand (PD-L1).{51313} It binds to PD-L1 in a cell-free assay (Kd = 94.67 nM). TPP-1 (20 µM) reverses PD-L1-induced decreases in IFN-γ levels in anti-CD3-induced isolated human CD4+ T cells. It reduces tumor volume in a mouse xenograft model using HL-60 leukemia cells co-cultured with anti-CD3-activated isolated human CD4+ T cells prior to implantation when administered at a dose of 4 mg/kg.